Up a Level:

Pharmaceuticals Home

Related Areas:

__________________________________

Product Stewardship Institute, Inc.
29 Stanhope Street
Boston, MA 02116

617-236-4855 (Main)
617-236-4766 (Fax)

www.productstewardship.us

Other Pharmaceuticals Resources and Publications

Press

Background Information

Abuse & Poisoning

Environmental Concerns and Impact on Water Supplies

Source Reduction

Disposal Guidelines

Other Related Information

Background Information

	Where Should the Unused Meds Go? Politicians Want to Give Unused Drugs to Charity, But Much of it Gets Flushed. ABC News Medical Unit, February 2010
	Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Municipal Wastewater and Their Removal by Nutrient Treatment Technologies. Washington State Department of Ecology. January 2010.
	Pharmaceutical Disposal Programs for the Public: A Canadian Perspective. Health Canada. November 2009.
	Unwanted Medicine Return Program for Washington State
	NACo Resoultion in Support of a Safe, Convenient Medicine Return System. July 2009.
	Pharmaceutical Reverse Distributor Survey: Final Report. December 2003. Prepared by the Local Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County, WA.
	Holding an Unwanted Medicine Collection for Community Pharmacies: A Quick Guide. November 2008.
	NERC Best Management Practices for Holding Unwanted Medicine Collections: A Legal & Safe Approach for Community Pharmacies. November 2008.
	The Ecology of Sampling: A Call to Action. Pharmaceutical Executive. June 9, 2009.
	The Maine Way to Get Rid of Drugs. Science News. June 9, 2009.
	Subcommittee Hearing: "Overdose: How Drugs and Chemicals in Water Supplies and the Environment are Harming our Fish and Wildlife." The House Natural Resources Committee, Subcommittee on Insular Affairs, Oceans and Wildlife Oversight. June 9, 2009.
	Disposal Proposal. Minnesota Medicine. September 2008.
	New York Legislation on Pharmaceutical Disposal
	Medication Disposal as a Source for Drugs as Environmental Contaminants. Ilene Sue Ruhoy. June 20, 2007.
	Types and quantities of leftover drugs entering the environment via disposal to sewage - Revealed by coroner records. Science Direct. Ilene Sue Ruhoy. 2007.
	Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
	DEA Controlled Substance Schedule, DEA Office of Diversion Control
	DEA Diversion Control Program – General Questions and Answers
	NASCSA Member State Agencies, National Association for State Controlled Substances Authorities
	NASCSA Resolution 2007-03. October 2007. Katherine Keough.
	Get the Most from Your Medicines. PhRMA. Larry Lucas.
	IMS Global Pharmaceutical Sales by Region. 2006.
	Current Regulations and Modest Proposals Regarding Disposal of Unused Opioids and Other Controlled Substances. Herring et al. Journal of the American Osteopathic Association. July 2008.
	Australia Pharmaceutical Advisory Council Guiding Principles for Medication Management in the community. June 2006.

Abuse and Poisoning

	CDC QuickStats: Motor-Vehicle Traffic and Poisoning Death Rates, by age --- United States, 2005-2006.
	CDC: Poisoning a Risk for Adults 34-56. United Press International (UPI.com). July 18, 2009.
	National Drug Control Strategy: 2008 Annual Report.
	Drugs Identified in Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners. 2007 Report.
	Teens and Prescription Drugs: An Analysis of Recent Trends on the Emerging Drug Threat. February 2007. Office of National Drug Control Policy. Executive Office of the President.
	Results from the 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. Department of Health and Human Services. SAMHSA. Office of Applied Studies.
	Unintentional Poisoning Deaths. February 9, 2007. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
	The Partnership Attitude Tracking Study (PATS): Teens in Grades 7 through 12, 2005. May 16, 2006. Partnership for a Drug-Free America.
	Teen Drug Use Continues Down in 2006, Particularly among Older Teens; But Use of Prescription-Type Drugs Remains High. Johnston, L.D., O’Malley, P.M., Bachman, J.G. & Schulenberg, J.E. December 21, 2006. University of Michigan News and Information Services: Ann Arbor, MI.
	Under the Counter: The Diversion and Abuse of Controlled Prescription Drugs in the U.S. The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University 633 Third Avenue, NY, NY July 2005.
	Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: Agents of Subtle Change? Christian G. Daughton and Thomas A. Ternes. Environmental Health Perspectives Suppl. December, 1999.
	Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications, National Institute on Druge Abuse (NIDA), August 2008.

Environmental Concerns and Impact on Water Supplies

	Wastewater Treatment Plant Endocrine Disrupting Compound Monitoring Study. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. April 2010.
	Protecting the Great Lakes from Pharmaceutical Pollution. Alliance for the Great Lakes. March 2010.
	Preliminary Characterization of the Pharmaceutical Content of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Leachate from three landfills in Maine. Maine Department of Environmental Protection. March 2010.
	SETAC Journal of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Volume 28, Issue 12 (This is a special release issue featuring articles relating to pharmaceuticals and personal care products)
	NSF Discusses Recent AP Report On Pharmaceuticals in Water and Next Steps
	Emerging Pollutants: Questions, Challenges and the Future. Christian G. Daughton, PhD. The NORMAN Network Newsletter: Network of Reference Laboratories for Monitoring of Emerging Environmental Pollutants.
	Groundwater Recharge and Chemical Contaminants: Challenges in Communicating the Connections and Collisions of Two Disparate Worlds. Daughton CG. Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation, Spring 2004, 24(2):127-138.
	Pharmaceuticals, Hormones, and other Organic Wastewater Contaminants in U.S. Streams. Herbert T. Buxton and Dana W. Kolpin. U.S. Geological Survey, June 2002.
	Lower Columbia River Estuary and Ecosystem Monitoring: Water Quality and Salmon Sampling Report. Lower Columbia River Estuary Partnership. 2007.
	Baylor Researchers Find New Pharmaceuticals in Texas Waters, Fish. Baylor University, May 2007.
	Cancer Drugs Found in Tapwater. Richard Gray. The Telegraph. January 13, 2008.
	Male Bass Across Region Found to Be Bearing Eggs. David A. Fahrenthold. The Washington Post. September 6, 2006.
	Ingredient in Prozac Increases risk of extinction for freshwater mussels. Science Daily. September 15, 2006.
	PPCP’s Double Life. Shirleen H. Mahoney. Water and Wastewater News. September 1, 2006.
	Questions and Answers about the Discovery of Intersex Smallmouth Bass in the Shenandoah and Cowpasture Rivers. Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.
	Technical Brief: Endocrine Disrupting Compounds and Implications for Wastewater Treatment. Paul D. Anderson, Ph.D. Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF), 2005.
	Hormone Chemicals Maybe Be Imperiling Fish. Warren Cornwall and Keith Ervin. The Seattle Times. April 1, 2007.
	Concentrations of Select Pharmaceuticals and Antibiotics in South-Central Pennsylvania Waters, March Through September 2006. Connie A. Loper, J. Kent Crawford, Kim L. Otto, Rhonda L. Manning, Michael T. Meyer, and Edward T. Furlong. U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 300.
	Landfills: Hazardous to the Environment. Zero Waste America.
	Determination of Selected Pharmaceutical Compounds and their Fate in Modern Lined Landfills. Dr. Timothy Townsend.
	Household Disposal of Pharmaceuticals as a Pathway for Aquatic Contamination in the United Kingdom. Jonathan P. Bound & Nikolaos Voulvoulis. Environmental Health Perspectives, December 2005.
	Environmentally Classified Pharmaceuticals. 2008. Stockholm City Council.
	Environment and Pharmaceuticals. Apoteket AB (The National Corporation of Swedish Pharmacies) Stockholm County Council and Stockholm University, pub. 04-03-07
	Pharmaceuticals in the Nation's Drinking Water: Assessing Potential Risks and Actions to Address this Issue. PhRMA. Statment at the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee. Subcommittee on Transportation Safety. Infrastructure Security, and Water Quality.
	Endocrine Disrupting and Pharmaceutical Compounds in Municipal Landfill Leachate. Prepared for Waste Management Environment Management Group by Innovative Waste Consulting Services. October 25, 2007.
	Knappe - Knowledge and Need Assessment on Pharmaceutical Products in Environmental Waters
	A human health risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. Schulman, et al. Human & Ecological Risk Assessment, 8(4):657-680. 2002.
	Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Water (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
	Analytical Methods for Contaminants of Emerging Concern (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
	START Management Strategies for Pharmaceutical Residues in Drinking Water (Institute for Social-Ecological Research GmbH)

Source Reduction

	Potential Strategies to Reduce Pharmaceutical Waste
	Minnesota Technical Assistance Program: Pharmaceuticals Projects

Disposal Guidelines

	The PH:ARM Pilot - Pharmaceuticals from Households: A Return Mechanism. Executive Summary.
	The PH:ARM Pilot - Report. December 2009.
	The PH:ARM Pilot - Appendices.
	FDA: Disposal by Flushing of Certain Medicines: What You Should Know.
	Safe Medicine Disposal for Maine Program: Program Research Report. April 2009.
	Managing Pharmaceutical Waste - What Pharmacists Should Know. Prepared by Charlotte A. Smith, RPh, MS. Journal of the Pharmacy Society of Wisconsin. December 2002.
	Cradle-to-Cradle Stewardship of Drugs for Minimizing Their Environmental Disposition While Promoting Human Health: Part 2. Drug Disposal, Waste Reduction, and Future Directions. Prepared by Christian Daughton. Environmental Health Perspectives. May 2003.
	Cradle-to-Cradle Stewardship of Drugs for Minimizing Their Environmental Disposition While Promoting Human Health: Part 1. Rationale for and Attitudes toward a Green Pharmacy. Prepared by Christian Daughton. Environmental Health Perspectives. May 2003.
	PSI List of Drug Disposal Recommendations, March 2009
	Proper Disposal of Prescription Drugs. Office of National Drug Control Policy. Updated 2009.
	Guidelines for the Disposal of Unwanted Pharmaceuticals in and After Emergencies. World Health Organization, 1999.
	Prescription Pill and Drug Disposal Program Network (P2D2)
	Pharmaceutical Take-Back Programs: Moving from Local to National (Utility Executive, March/April 2009, pp. 6-9)